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The first zone comproses of only the district of Nainital and Udham Singh Nagar which has both the Tarai - Bhabar and Doon regions. At one time the Tharu and Boksa tribals inhabited the Tarai region. The towns of Ramnagar, Kashipur, Bazpur, Kichha, Lalkuan, Haldwani, Kathgodam, Khatima and Tanakpur, of this region, are linked to the rest of the country by railways.
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The second zone is that of the most populated Lesser Himalaya. This region is watered by the Kosi., Gomti, Saryu, Ramganga E., Ramganaga W. and Gagas. Their banks known as 'seras' are highly fertile. It is here that the major Lesser Himalayan settlements like Pithoragarh, Lohaghat, Champawat, Gangolihat, Berinag, Bageshwar, Kapkot, Ramgarh, Nainital, Almora, Ranikhet, Dwarahat, Chaukhutia, Someshwar and Kausani are situated.
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The third zone is that of the Greater Himalaya. A major proportion of this is under permanent snow - cover. Most of the snowfed rivers originate from this region of glaciers such as the Sunderdhunga, Pindari, Kafni, Namik, Poting, Milam, Lwa,, Balati, Meola and Panchchuli etc.
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The fourth zone, that of the Trans Himalayan region of the Malla Johar, Darma and Byans valleys, is called the Tethys Himalaya, although it is just an extension of the catchments of the Greater Himalaya. This dry and arid region, inhabited mainly by the Shaukas, is known in connection with the Tibetan trade, the Kailas-Mansrovar Pilgrimage and production and trade of woolen goods and herbs. |
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